Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: How to Choose

As two popular historical destinations in Thailand, Sukhothai and Ayutthaya are renowned for their ancient ruins, UNESCO World Heritage sites, and rich historical significance.

To help you make the best decision for your trip, let's explore the characteristics and attractions of both Sukhothai and Ayutthaya.

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: Which One is Better?

It depends on your schedule and preferences.

Choose Sukhothai if you:

• have flexibility in your schedule (spend more time on transport).
• are seeking a peaceful and less crowded temple exploration.
• want to see the early stages of Thai architectural styles.
• wish to experience authentic Thai culture.

Choose Ayutthaya if you:

• have limited time for a day trip from Bangkok.
• want to witness grandeur and sophisticated temple structures.
• want to experience the fusion of diverse cultures.
• wish to have more tour activities.

If you are on a multi-day tour in Thailand and have a keen interest in Thai history and Buddhism, consider visiting both cities to enrich your knowledge of Thailand's history and culture.

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: Historical Differences

Sukhothai was an early capital known for its local heritage and Thai cultural identity while Ayutthaya, a later capital, thrived as a diverse trade center with cosmopolitan influences from around the world.

Sukhothai: Local Heritage and Original Thai Culture

Founded in 1127, Sukhothai was the first capital of the Kingdom of Siam (Thailand) in the 13th and 14th centuries, known for the Sukhothai Kingdom's Golden Age.

The kingdom is renowned for its early Thai architectural styles, characterized by elegant simplicity, and intricate stucco decorations. Sukhothai is also considered the cradle of Thai civilization, with its temple ruins in Sukhothai Historical Park providing valuable insights into the country's historical origins and artistic achievements.

Ayutthaya: International Influence and Cultural Diversity

In contrast, Ayutthaya was founded in 1350 and served as the second capital of the Kingdom of Siam after Sukhothai.

Once a key trading hub, Ayutthaya attracted merchants and diplomats from diverse cultural backgrounds, making it renowned for its cosmopolitan character and prosperity. The city's temple complexes, palaces, and fortifications reflected a blend of Khmer, Burmese, and Chinese architectural influences, symbolizing its diverse heritage and global connections.

Tragically, Ayutthaya faced destruction during wars with Burma in the 18th century, leading to the destruction of historical sites and the decline of the kingdom. Many of the temple ruins you see today have been renovated.

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: Experiences （Top Things to Do）

Sukhothai and Ayutthaya offer different travel experiences. Sukhothai is known for its authentic culture and original historical relics, where temple structures convey a sense of tranquility and serenity. On the other hand, Ayutthaya offers more diverse travel activities and temples tend to be busier.

Sukhothai: Serene Temples and Authentic Thai Culture

When visiting temples in Sukhothai Historical Park, you could easily immerse yourself in a serene and peaceful atmosphere, ideal for meditation and spiritual contemplation.

Some of the must-visit temples include Wat Si Chum, Wat Si Sawai, Wat Mahathat, and Wat Sa Si. Given the relatively close proximity between these temples, the best way to explore them is by renting a bike at the park gate to cycle around them.

Compared to Ayutthaya, Sukhothai provides a greater opportunity for experiencing authentic local Thai culture, including enjoying Thai massage and meditation, watching cultural performances, or participating in a cooking class.

If you visit Sukhothai during the annual Loy Krathong festival, you would be lucky to witness its colorful parades, traditional performances, and the enchanting sight of countless floating krathongs on the Yom River.

Ayutthaya: Glamorous Temples and More Tour Options

In Ayutthaya Historical Park, you could admire the grandeur and magnificence of temple structures while also observing the remnants of ruins that were once destroyed, such as headless or armless Buddha statues and damaged Buddha fragments.

Some of the top attractions include Wat Mahathat, Wat Phra Si Sanphet, Wat Chaiwatthanaram, and Bang Pa-In Palace. Due to the mixture of various traffic modes, it is not advisable to ride a bike as it could be risky. The best way to explore the temples is by using a private car.

In addition to visiting the magnificent temples, Ayutthaya offers more tour options, such as:

• Exploring Ayutthaya Night Market and Ayothaya Floating Market to experience local life.
• Taking a boat tour on the Chao Phraya River for a relaxing visit.
• Visiting the Portuguese Village to learn about the colonial history of Ayutthaya.

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: Traffic Accessibility

When planning a visit to Sukhothai, traveling from Chiang Mai is a time-saving option due to its close proximity. To explore Ayutthaya, beginning in Bangkok is ideal as it's just an hour's drive away.

Bangkok to Sukhothai and Ayutthaya

Sukhothai is located about 427 kilometers (265 miles) north of Bangkok, with travel times ranging from 6 to 7 hours via buses, trains, or a private car. Alternatively, flying from Bangkok to Sukhothai takes approximately 1½ hours.

Ayutthaya is situated about 80 kilometers (50 miles) north of Bangkok. Traveling to Ayutthaya from Bangkok by train, bus, or private transfer typically takes 1 to 2 hours.

Chiang Mai to Sukhothai and Ayutthaya

Sukhothai is situated approximately 300 kilometers (186 miles) south of Chiang Mai, with travel times typically ranging from 4 to 5 hours by private car. There are no direct trains or flights from Chiang Mai to Sukhothai.

To travel from Chiang Mai to Ayutthaya, the best option is to fly to Bangkok and then make a 1½-hour drive to Ayutthaya as there are no direct flights or trains from Chiang Mai to Ayutthaya.

Insider tip: An ideal way to explore both Ayutthaya and Sukhothai is to take a private road tour from Bangkok to Chiang Mai. Along the way, you could visit both Ayutthaya and Sukhothai, spending a night in Sukhothai for a rest.

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: Crowds and Costs

Compared to Ayutthaya, Sukhothai is much less crowded and offers more affordable accommodation and food options due to its long distance from Bangkok or Chiang Mai.

Crowds: As a popular day trip destination from Bangkok, Ayutthaya experiences larger crowds at well-known attractions, especially during peak seasons, requiring some patience and flexibility while exploring the historical sites.

Due to its long distance, Sukhothai has fewer crowds, offering a more serene and intimate setting, allowing visitors to enjoy a peaceful exploration of temple ruins and historical landmarks.

Cost: In comparison to Ayutthaya, both accommodation and food in Sukhothai are usually more affordable. For example, mid-range hotels in Sukhothai tend to be about 10–20% cheaper than in Ayutthaya. Entrance fees to temples in the historical park are relatively similar, with ticket prices ranging from 100 baht (3 USD) to 200 baht (6 USD).

Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya: How Long to Visit

Exploring the highlights of each historical park in Sukhothai and Ayutthaya typically requires a full day. Ayutthaya is only an hour's drive from Bangkok, making it easily accessible for a day trip. However, due to the longer transport time needed for Sukhothai, it is recommended to spend a night there to fully enjoy the place.

A sample of a day tour itinerary in Sukhothai:

Morning: Wat Si Chum （known for its huge seated Buddha statue） + Wat Si Sawai (distinctive Khmer-influenced architecture)

Afternoon: Wat Mahathat (known for its central stupa and reliquary tower) + Wat Sa Si (with its large, seated Buddha image)

If you have extra time, consider visiting Ramkhamhaeng National Museum for further insights into the history of Sukhothai.

A sample of a day tour itinerary in Ayutthaya:

Morning: Wat Mahathat (known for the iconic Buddha head entwined in the roots of a Bodhi tree) + Wat Phra Si Sanphet (renowned for its imposing three large pagodas)

Afternoon: Wat Chaiwatthanaram (known for its pristine Khmer-style prang towers and riverfront setting) + Bang Pa-In Palace (a picturesque retreat used by Thai royalty)

FAQs About Sukhothai vs Ayutthaya

1. Which Is Better for History Enthusiasts?

For history enthusiasts seeking a deeper understanding of Thailand's rich heritage and cultural evolution, both Sukhothai and Ayutthaya offer unique experiences and insights.

Sukhothai is regarded as the birthplace of Thai civilization, offering a glimpse into the early foundations of the Kingdom of Siam.

Ayutthaya's temple ruins exhibit a blend of various cultural influences, showcasing a diverse heritage of cultural exchange and artistic fusion.

2. Which Is Better for a Day Trip from Bangkok?

Ayutthaya is ideal for a day trip due to its shorter travel distance and convenient transportation options.

3. Can I Visit Sukhothai and Ayutthaya During the Same Trip?

Yes, it's possible to visit both Sukhothai and Ayutthaya during the same trip but it may require adequate planning due to the distance between the two cities. Here is a classic road tour including Sukhothai and Ayutthaya.

4. What Are the Best Times of the Year to Visit Sukhothai and Ayutthaya?

The cooler months between November and February are generally considered the best time to visit Sukhothai and Ayutthaya as the weather is more pleasant for exploring outdoor attractions.

5. What Are the Key Differences Between Temples in Bangkok, Sukhothai, and Ayutthaya?

Temples in Bangkok, such as Wat Phra Kaew (the Temple of the Emerald Buddha) and Wat Pho (the Temple of the Reclining Buddha), showcase grandeur, intricate details, and ornate decorations, reflecting the city's status as the capital and cultural center of Thailand.

Sukhothai's temples, such as those in Sukhothai Historical Park, exhibit early Thai architectural styles characterized by simplicity, grace, and understated beauty. The structures emphasize clean lines, lotus-bud chedis, and harmonious design.

Ayutthaya's Temples, such as Wat Chaiwatthanaram and Wat Phra Si Sanphet emphasize grandeur, featuring towering prangs, intricate carvings, and royal symbolism that signify the city's regal past and cultural significance.